summer solstice – the importance of geographical and astronomical event that occurs in the solar system. In moments of solstice sun in its apparent motion along the ecliptic (an imaginary line in the firmament on which moves the sun in its apparent annual motion, ie the circle described by the Earth around the Sun) is the most removed from the celestial equator, reaches its greatest declination north or the south.
points ecliptic, the most distant from the celestial equator, through which the sun, called the solstices. This is such a moment in the annual rotation of the earth around the sun, when there is the shortest day and the shortest night.
There are summer and winter solstices. In the northern hemisphere summer solstice usually falls on June 21, and winter – December 21, (in the southern hemisphere – on the contrary).
© RIA Novosti Infographics
During the summer solstice, the Earth, resulting tilt on its axis to the plane of the ecliptic by 23 degrees with some facing towards the north pole of the Sun. At the South Pole at this time is the polar night.
Summer solstice – it’s the first day of summer in the northern hemisphere and the beginning of winter in the southern hemisphere, that is, if the residents of the northern part of the Earth from now are at the beginning of astronomical summer, the for residents of the southern hemisphere during the same time period will begin astronomical winter.
In the mid-latitudes in the spring and early summer, the sun rises every day above the horizon, and at the time of the summer solstice stops and changes its motion is reversed. Then it every day falls lower and, in the end, after the winter solstice again changes its motion to reverse and begins to climb.
For several days surrounding the solstice sun almost does not change the decline, its no ontime elevation in the sky almost unchanged; hence comes the name of the solstice.
summer solstice, when the sun has the greatest northern declination, comes 20 or June 21, depending on the year (due to the leap year date shift, solstice range 1-2 days). In astronomy, the summer solstice is taken as the beginning of summer – the sun enters into the sign of Cancer.
During the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere the sun longest stays above the horizon, 21 and 22 June – this is the longest day of the year, and with 21 June 22 – the shortest night.
In 2013, the astronomical summer comes 21 June 04 at 9:00 Moscow time (5:00 GMT, 04 minutes), when the sun moving along the ecliptic, reaches its greatest declination. For residents of the southern hemisphere winter begins astronomical.
At the latitude of MoscowThe sun rises above the horizon to a height of more than 57 degrees.
During the summer solstice, the sun above 66.5 degrees latitude (the Arctic Circle) does not go beyond the horizon, and the day lasts all day and night. At the north pole of the Earth the sun moves across the sky at the same height around the clock. In such a situation it is very difficult to tell time. June 21 The sun crosses the meridian six hours and begins to descend on the ecliptic, entering the path of the autumnal equinox, when it crosses the celestial equator.
summer solstice has long been an occasion for celebration. Summer Solstice as one of the most important holidays in the life of revered even by the ancient Slavs and the Baltic nations. In Russia celebrated the Day of Ivan Kupala, in Latvia celebrate one of the most exciting holidays of the Republic – the days of Midsummer, which are official holidays, Estonia celebrates Midsummer Day, a holiday in Poland known as Sobotka, Ukraine – Kupaylo, Belarus – Midsummer.
Celtic peoples of Britain celebrated Lita – solstice, midsummer. The holiday has been closely associated with the pagan sun worship.
Americans and Canadians consider this the start of the summer, the Chinese, the Irish, the Japanese, the British – his swing.
material is based on information of open source
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