Tuesday, August 26, 2014

Scientists will discuss the effectiveness of mega-grants – Russian Newspaper

This number of world stars of Russia has not seen for a long time, said the director of the Department of Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation Sergey Salihov commenting opening in St. Petersburg conference ” science of the future “.

Forum will be held in September, he has to summarize one of the most high-profile projects recently. It was initiated in 2010 was the government of the Russian Federation. It is about creating new laboratories in universities under the guidance of world-renowned scientists. Responded to the call of many celebrities, including three Nobel Prize winners. Of course, the role played by the value of the grant – 150 million rubles for each project. Amount is very decent even by Western standards. By the way, just for the program spent about 20 billion rubles. Emphasized that the first selection of the winners will not only Russian, but of recognized international experts.

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It should be noted that the Russian scientific community reacted negatively to this initiative. Polls have shown that 76 percent are in favor to close the program, and the mega-grants sent to the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Many believe that the invited masters attracted by the size of grants that they are working on two fronts, remaining to lead his laboratory abroad and spending in Russia for a few months that the obtained results for our money will have two addresses that mega-grants contribute to “brain drain” because the best employees after mega-grants can leave behind their leader. In short, a lot of controversy around the mega-grants.

Forum in St. Petersburg has to answer many questions. Here come some 800 scientists from 15 countries, including the USA, Germany, France, UK, etc. Speaking about the first results of the program, Sergei Salihov reported that just four years created about 160 new laboratories, they work almost 4,000 employees, more than half of the age does not exceed 35 years. With regard to one of the main criteria – publications in peer-reviewed journals, the figures are as follows: 2011 – 320 articles, 2012 – 665 2013 – 806.

According to the vice-rector of the St. Petersburg State University Alexei Zavarzina “paradise mega-grants of course, did not create, but work hand in hand with the leading scientists of the world has a positive effect on the college environment, attitudes toward science among young people is changing radically “.

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The forum participants have to analyze what effect brought Russian science multimillion-dollar grants, as new laboratories remained in the program, and how much of it is derived for different reasons. And to answer the question: who are preparing the young people who participate in the mega-projects? If the economy is no demand for new development, the results in the end, go to the line. There also will be followed by the young Russian talent.

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In the mega-grants created in laboratories received a lot of world-class results. Thus, under the guidance of Professor Paolo Macchiarini at the Kuban Medical University conducted the world’s first transplant of artificial trachea and larynx part using patient’s own cells.

Kotlas pulp and paper mill implemented a system of continuous monitoring with the use of network technology for remote access and remote examination. The results were published in 95 papers, of which more than half – in foreign journals, including the highest ranking (Physical Review Letters, Scripta and Acta Materialia, etc.).

Arrived Japanese Professor Konstantin Agladze created in Moscow Fihtehe laboratory where it was possible to grow a human heart from stem cells.

In MUCTR. Mendeleev led by Alberto Maria Felice Paleari already producing glass microspheres for nuclear medicine, in particular, the treatment of cancer. It is planned that in 2015, the commercialization of the results will be at least 10 million. Rubles a year.

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In St. Petersburg Academic University, Russian Academy of Sciences, led by Professor Pavel Pevzner algorithms for the recovery of the genome sequence to the DNA fragments. This is of particular interest for the study of cancer. Development laboratories are already used in the universities of Stanford and Harvard.

In the laboratory, St. Petersburg State University developed a fundamentally new boson cascade laser of about a millimeter. It will replace the bulky (about a meter) and expensive (about $ 50 thousand) lasers, which are made only in Switzerland.

This is just a small list of important projects carried out as part of the mega-projects .

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